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  • Jul
    07
    Where is the phenomenon of boiler steam with water?What is the specific reason?
    The phenomenon of boiler steam with water is a normal phenomenon in steam boilers.According to the provisions of JB/T10094 "General Technical Conditions for Industrial Boilers", the steam humidity of saturated steam boilers is not more than 3%, which is qualified, but the excessive amount of water must be treated.If the following phenomenon occurs, it should be caused by excessive steaming water.The boiler feed water volume is much larger than the boiler outlet steam volume, the boiler feed water pump is fully open at the power frequency, the boiler water level continues to drop, a large amount of water flows out of the trap at the sub-drum, and the steam pipeline vibrates in severe cases.Cause analysis: ① Check whether the device in the pot (steam-water separator) is manufactured incorrectly.② Check whether the boiler water is qualified (whether the salt content of the boiler water exceeds the standard).③ Check the operation record of the boiler and understand the steam usage of the owner, whether there is excessive fluctuation in the compliance of steam usage and sudden surge in load.④Whether the water level of the boiler is normal, and the water level of the boiler is kept too high.Beyond the allowable variation range, the accident state false water level.2. WNS
  • Jul
    07
    What is the difference between normalizing heat treatment and normalizing rolling of Q345R steel plate?
    ①Normalizing is a method of metal heat treatment. It heats the steel to a certain temperature and keeps it warm, and then cools it in the air to obtain a heat treatment process that is close to a balanced structure. The function is to improve the mechanical properties of the steel.②The normalizing heat treatment of Q345R steel plate is to heat the steel plate to a temperature slightly higher than the Ac3 transformation point (usually the temperature is 890℃~950℃) after the steel plate is rolled, stay at this temperature for a short time and then cool it in still air.Normalizing rolling of Q345R steel plate is a rolling method of rolling at normalizing temperature (generally, rolling starts at 1100℃~1200℃, and the final deformation is controlled above 850℃), which can make the state of the material and the specified value of mechanical properties. Same as normalizing heat treatment.③ Therefore, normalizing rolling actually obtains the microstructure and mechanical properties of normalizing heat treatment through precise temperature-controlled rolling (including final rolling deformation).
  • Jul
    07
    What matters should be paid attention to in the selection of welding materials for boilers and pressure vessels?
    1. Welding materials for welding pressure vessels include electrodes, wires, steel strips, fluxes, gases, electrodes and gaskets.2. Selection principle of welding materials: According to the chemical composition, mechanical properties and welding performance of the base metal, and combined with the structural characteristics, operating conditions, welding methods and manufacturing processes of the pressure vessel, the welding materials are selected comprehensively, for example: ① Stress and pressure welding For joints, firstly, the welding materials should be selected according to the principle of joint strength; ②For the welding structure working at low temperature, the low-temperature toughness of each area of ​​the joint should be ensured first, which is more important than the strength of the joint; ③For containers with only corrosion tendency, first ensure the container Corrosion resistance of the parts where the inner wall is in contact with the medium; ④ Secondly, consider the processing technology of the welded structure, such as shearing, cold stamping, cold coiling, hot coiling and the influence of various heat treatment processes on the joint performance (cold stamping, shearing and cooling Coiling and other processes require welding joints to have high plastic deformation capacity; while hot coiling and heat treatment processes require joints
  • Jul
    07
    What are SCR and SNCR denitration in circulating fluidized bed coal-fired boilers?
    Reply: SCR is the abbreviation of Selective Catalytic Reduction. Under the action of catalyst, NOx in flue gas is reduced to N2 and H2O by injecting ammonia.The main components of the catalyst are TiO2 and V2O5.SNCR is the abbreviation of selective non-catalytic reduction. The reducing agent containing NH3 group is sprayed into the furnace temperature range of 800-950 ℃, and the reducing agent is rapidly thermally decomposed into NH3, which can be directly reacted with NOx in flue gas without catalyst catalysis. The reaction produces N2
  • Jul
    07
    What are the commonly used reducing agents for SNCR denitration in circulating fluidized bed coal-fired boilers?
    There are three main reducing agents in the denitration system: liquid ammonia, ammonia water and urea. The choice of the reducing agent is one of the main factors affecting the denitration efficiency and operating economy.Most of the power plants use urea, and a small part is ammonia water. Some chemical plants or power plants with rich management experience use liquid ammonia.At present, for some small industrial circulating fluidized bed boilers for steam supply and heating, when designing the system of the Design Institute, the storage safety of ammonia water is relatively strict, and most of the reducing agents use urea.
  • Jul
    07
    What are the effective ways of cleaning the circulating fluidized bed?
    1. Active anti-fouling measures: Design: 1. Large enough furnace combustion space.The furnace adopts a full-membrane wall welded structure, and the height of the furnace is higher than that of the traditional coal furnace. The large enough furnace space can ensure the primary burnout rate of biomass fuel in the furnace; 2. Safe combustion temperature.The furnace combustion temperature control is designed to be between 700-800 °C to prevent fuel coking.3. Multi-point ash hoppers are designed to facilitate settlement: ash cleaning hoppers are set up in the furnace area, turning area, and convection area.4. When the convection heating surface is designed, the pitch is enlarged, which is 1 times larger than that of the traditional boiler: ①The evaporators are arranged in series, and the larger horizontal pitch is designed to reduce the ash accumulation; ②The economizer, The single pipe circles are arranged in series, and the larger lateral pitch is designed to reduce the accumulation of dust.③The air preheaters are arranged in series, and the horizontal tubular air preheaters have a large horizontal pitch to prevent dust accumulation.④Soot blowers are installed on the heating surfaces of the convection pipe, economizer and air preheater respectively.Installation: strictly control the pipe
  • Jul
    07
    What types of soot blowers are generally divided into?What media are used?
    The soot blowers used in boilers include steam soot blowers, sonic soot blowers, steel ball soot blowers, shock soot blowers, etc.The media used by the sootblower include superheated steam (some use saturated steam, which is ineffective), compressed air, gas, steel balls, etc.
  • Jul
    07
    Brief introduction of thermal deaerator
    There are roughly the following types of deaerators: atmospheric thermal deaerator; chemical deaerator (dosing and deaerator); analytical deaerator; vacuum deaerator; sponge iron deaerator, etc. The most widely used is atmospheric deaerator; Drug deaeration is mainly applied to small boilers; analytical deaeration currently has mature theories but no mature technology; vacuum deaeration is very effective, but the cost is high and it is not easy to control; sponge iron deaeration efficiency is very low, Belongs to the elimination type.The atmospheric thermal deaerator heats the water to reduce the solubility of oxygen, the oxygen in the water continuously escapes, and then the oxygen generated on the water surface is removed together with the water vapor, which can remove various gases in the water (including free CO2, N2).Deoxygenated water does not increase the salt content, nor does it increase the amount of other gases dissolved.The operation and control of the atmospheric thermal deaerator is relatively easy, and the operation is stable and reliable.In theory, the partial pressure of oxygen in the boiling state is zero, and the pressure of the ordinary thermal deaerator controls the deaerator to about 0
  • Jul
    07
    Heat source of waste heat boiler
    Waste heat resources refer to the energy that may be recycled but not yet recycled under existing conditions, and is considered to be the fifth largest conventional energy after coal, oil, natural gas and hydropower.According to its source, it can be divided into six categories: high-temperature flue gas waste heat (the highest proportion, reaching 50%), cooling medium waste heat, waste heat of waste gas and waste water, waste heat of high-temperature products and slag, chemical reaction heat, waste heat of combustible waste gas and waste liquid and waste heat.These waste heat resources can be used for power generation, driving machinery, heating or cooling, etc., thus reducing the consumption of primary energy and reducing thermal pollution to the environment.my country's industrial energy consumption accounts for about 70%.Industrial enterprises are major energy consumers in China (such as steel, metallurgy, building materials and other industries), and their energy consumption accounts for about 70% of the country's total energy consumption. The average unit energy consumption of major industrial products is about 30% higher than the international advanced level.In addition to the relatively backward production technology and unreasonable industrial structure, the utilization rate of industrial waste heat is low
  • Jul
    07
    How to correctly understand the design service life (design life) and actual service life (actual life) of pressure vessels?
    1. The designed service life of the pressure vessel is not equal to the actual service life.The design service life is an expected target value, not a guaranteed value, nor can it be regarded as the time limit for the scrapping of the pressure vessel.The actual service life of the pressure vessel shall be determined according to the actual use conditions, inspection results, failure modes, etc., which may be higher than or lower than the design service life.2. The design service life shall be determined by the design unit according to the expected service life of the container, and shall be indicated in the design drawings.The JC/T720 "Autoclave" standard stipulates: "Under normal operating conditions, the design service life of the autoclave is 15 years." 3. TSG21-2016 "Stationary Pressure Vessel Safety Technical Supervision Regulations" is determined "3.1.11 Corrosion allowance", the concept of design service life is mentioned.Provisions: "For pressure vessels with uniform corrosion, the corrosion allowance is based on the expected service life of the pressure vessel and
  • Jul
    07
    What are the measures for energy saving and emission reduction of autoclave?
    1. Recycling of residual steam in the autoclave: After the product is steamed and cured, the steam in the autoclave passes through the reverse steam dividing cylinder, and the residual steam is passed into another autoclave to be boosted and steamed to achieve the recovery of low-pressure steam. The purpose of energy saving and consumption reduction.2. Flash evaporation of high-temperature condensed water discharged from the autoclave: According to the principle of high-temperature condensed water flashing, there is still residual steam of about 0.5 MPa after the high-temperature condensed water and multiple autoclaves are poured through a certain volume. The flash treatment of the flash tank recovers the heat of the high-temperature condensed water and part of the residual steam.3. Using flash evaporation technology, the steam generated is used to preheat the boiler soft water through the coil to increase the feed water temperature of the boiler water.4. The condensed water of the autoclave contains high Ca(0H)2, which is alkaline. Use alkaline condensed water to replace the mixing water for pipe pile concrete, lime-sand bricks, aerated concrete, etc. to improve the alkalinity of products. It is beneficial to the hydrothermal synthesis reaction of calcium-silicon materials during the steam curing process.
  • Jul
    07
    What should I do when the condensed water of the autoclave cannot be discharged in time?
    1. Check whether the steam trap is faulty, and if there is a fault, repair or replace it in time after the steam curing is completed; 2. Check whether the steam trap in the kettle is blocked, and clean the sundries on the lower part of the kettle and the filter cover frequently to ensure smooth drainage; In addition, it should be noted that when the amount of condensed water in the initial stage of boosting is large and the discharge of the steam trap is insufficient, the drain valve should be opened in time to accelerate the discharge of condensed water, so as to avoid too much condensed water in the autoclave and cause the temperature difference between the upper and lower walls of the autoclave to be too large. , causing the autoclave to arch and deform, affecting the service life of the autoclave.Our autoclave is equipped with two sets of wall temperature measuring thermometers, which are located at the top and bottom of the kettle. The measurement results are transmitted to the electric control cabinet in real time. Check the condensate discharge system, and open the manual drain valve if necessary to speed up the condensate discharge.The automatic sewage system developed by our company in recent years has achieved automatic discharge of condensed water through liquid level control without manual intervention.
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